Bible Question: Please define the word "cult". What are the characteristics (social or religious) of a cult? Note: I asked about the word "cult", NOT "occult". They are two very different things. |
Bible Answer: I realise that this question was asked quite some time ago now, but I would like to add a thought. I think that this word is one that must be used with great care because it does not have a very precise meaning that is commonly accepted. Different people will have significantly different understandings of what it means. When we use this word, we should also explain clearly what we are intending it to mean. For example, in an evangelical theological context, the word cult can be - and often is! - used to mean any identifiable religious group that does not agree with the basic or central beliefs of the individual who is using that word. In this context, evangelical Christians will regularly refer to Mormons (Latter-Day Saints) and Jehovah's Witnesses (Watchtower Bible and Tract Society) as cults. In an academic or liberal theological context, the word cult is often used to refer to any religious practises which involve sacrifice. In this context, almost all pagan religions (past and present) would have certain practises that would be called a cult. The rites and practises of the ancient Jewish Temple would be called a cult. In this context, note that it is usually the specific practises of sacrifice that are called a cult, and not the group of people. In psychological context, the word "cult" is often (though certainly not always!) used to refer to any group that would seem to practise techniques used for "brainwashing" or mind control. In this context, the particular religious or spiritual beliefs of the group have no relevance, but rather the definition seems to center on the social dynamics of the group in question. I hope that this is helpful to someone, and I would appreciate any thoughts or feedback that any of you might have. |