Subject: Who are the evangelicals? |
Bible Note: "IV. The Twentieth-Century Church D. Evangelical Unity In Diversity. 1. Evangelicalsm's historical roots in the early church and the Reformation. (a) From 1865 it faced the rise of liberalism coming out of Darwin's theory of evolution and German Kantian philosophy and biblical criticism. (b) From 1881 to 1918 tension arose between liberals and evangelicals with Fosdick opposing Hodge over the idea of inerrancy and premillennialism in 'The Fundamentals' (1910) and 'The Scofield Bible' (1909). (c) Conflict grew from 1919 to 1929 with the Scopes trial (1925) over evolution and J. Gresham Machen's "Christianity and Liberalism" (1923) asserting that liberalism was a new nonbiblical religion. (d) With liberalism triumphant in mainline churches from 1919 to 1945, evangelicals founded new denominations, Bible schools, colleges, seminaries, publishing houses, and the National Association of Evangelicals. (e) Since World War II ended, liberal mainline churches have declined and the evangelical church has grown. 2. The evangelical spectrum includes many groups who agree in basic doctrines but have special emphases such as the baptism of the Spirit. (a) The mainstream holding to inerrancy and premillennialism includes Bible schools such as Moody Bible Insitute, Wheaton College, seminaries such as Trinity, the NAE, the Evangelical Theological Society, and periodicals such as "Christianity Today". (b) Pentecostal-Charismatic-Third Wave groups, which stress the baptism of the Spirit as a work of grace separate from salvation and "signs and wonders," form a large group to the right. (c) Holiness groups stress a second work leading to perfection. Charles Finney and Phoebe Palmer were forerunners of such groups as the Wesleyan Methodists and The Salvation Army. (d) Closed fundamentalists such as Carl McIntire and Bob Jones reject even fellow evangelicals. Jerry Falwell and Pat Robertson are open to cooperation in putting morality back into public life. (e) Parachurch organizations such as World Vision, Wycliffe Bible Translators, and Campus Crusade serve evangelicals. (f) To the left are organizations like Fuller Seminary, which by 1972 had dropped earlier ideas of inerrancy and premillennialism. (g) Evangelicals for Social Action wants more participation in social action. (h) Evangelical Women's Caucus wants women to be recognized with rights. (i) Evangelicals in mainline churches either founded new churches such as the Presbyterian Church in America or, like renewal groups, sought to lead the denomination back to evangelicalism. The Lutheran-Missouri Synod Church and the Southern Baptists have succeeded." Taken pages 2103,2104 from The Ryrie Expanded Edition NASB95 Study Bible. Nolan |
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