So Jacob lived in athe land 1where his father Isaac had been a stranger , in the land of Canaan.Lit of his father’s sojournings.Gen 17:8; 28:4 2 These are the generations of Jacob.I.e. concubines (see note 22:24).Gen 41:46Gen 35:25, 261 Sam 2:22-24
Joseph, when he was aseventeen years old, was shepherding the flock with his brothers Dan, Naphtali, Gad, and Asher; the boy was with bthe sons of Bilhah and Zilpah, his father’s 1secondary wives; and Joseph brought back a cbad report about them to their father. 3 Now Israel loved Joseph more than all his children, because he was athe son of his old age; and he made him a distinctive 1bmulticolored tunic.The meaning of this word is uncertain; some sources indicate that it refers to a long-sleeved tunic that reaches the ankles, essentially a light robe. In any case, the tunic was a visible reminder to Joseph’s brothers of their father’s favoritism toward him.Gen 44:20Gen 37:23, 32 4 His brothers saw that their father loved Joseph more than all of his brothers; so they ahated him and could not find it within themselves to speak to him on friendly terms.Gen 27:41; 1 Sam 17:28
5 Now Joseph adreamed a dream, and he told it to his brothers, and they 1hated him even more.In both vv 5 and 8 “hated him even more” is properly translated, but there is an interesting play on words. The literal Hebrew says, “they added to hate”—the Hebrew word for “added” is the same for the word for Joseph—“they ‘Josephed’ their hate for him.”Gen 28:12; 31:10, 11, 24 6 He said to them, “Please listen to the details of this dream which I have dreamed; 7 we brothers were binding sheaves of grain stalks in the field, and lo, my sheaf suddenly got up and stood upright and remained standing; and behold, your sheaves stood all around my sheaf and abowed down in respect.”Gen 42:6, 9; 43:26; 44:14 8 His brothers said to him, “aAre you actually going to reign over us? Are you really going to rule and govern us as your subjects?” So they hated him even more for telling them about his dreams and for his arrogant words.Gen 49:26; Deut 33:16
9 But Joseph dreamed still another dream, and told it to his brothers as well. He said, “See here, I have again dreamed a dream, and lo, this time I saw eleven stars and the sun and the moon bowed down in respect to me!” 10 He told it to his father as well as to his brothers; but his father rebuked him and said to him in disbelief, “What is the meaning of this dream that you have dreamed? Shall I and your mother and ayour brothers actually come to bow down to the ground in respect before you?”Gen 27:29 11 aJoseph’s brothers were envious and jealous of him, but his father bkept the words of Joseph in mind wondering about their meaning.Acts 7:9Dan 7:28; Luke 2:19, 51
12 Then his brothers went to pasture their father’s flock near Shechem. 13 Israel said to Joseph, “Are not your brothers pasturing the flock at aShechem? Come, and I will send you to them.” And he said, “Here I am ready to obey you.”Gen 33:18-20 14 Then Jacob said to him, “Please go and see whether everything is all right with your brothers and all right with the flock; then bring word back to me.” So he sent him from the aHebron Valley, and he went to Shechem.Gen 13:18; 23:2, 19; 35:27; Josh 14:14, 15; Judg 1:10
15 Now a certain man found Joseph, and saw that he was wandering around and had lost his way in the field; so the man asked him, “What are you looking for?” 16 He said, “I am looking for my brothers. Please tell me where they are pasturing our flocks.” 17 Then the man said, “ They were here, but they have moved on from this place. I heard them say, ‘Let us go to 1aDothan.’” So Joseph went after his brothers and found them at Dothan.Located about twelve miles north of Shechem.2 Kin 6:13
18 And when they saw him from a distance, even before he came close to them, they aplotted to kill him.Ps 31:13; 37:12, 32; Mark 14:1; John 11:53; Acts 23:12 19 They said to one another, “Look, here comes this 1dreamer.Lit master of dreams. 20 Now then, come and let us kill him and throw him into one of the 1pits ; then awe will say to our father, ‘A wild animal killed and devoured him’; and we shall see what will become of his dreams!”These were earthen tanks that were dug or carved into rocky ground (perhaps limestone), designed to collect rainwater in the desert during winters. Some were cavernous, with a staircase carved into one of the walls for access to the bottom. The cistern selected by Joseph’s brothers must have been deep enough to make escape very difficult for someone of his size, but constructed without a staircase or other means of access (other than a rope).Gen 37:32, 33 21 Now aReuben the eldest heard this and rescued him from their hands and said, “Let us not take his life.”Gen 42:22 22 Reuben said to them, “Do not shed his blood, but instead throw him alive into the pit that is here in the wilderness, and do not lay a hand on him to kill him”— he said this so that he could rescue him from them and return him safely to his father. 23 Now when Joseph reached his brothers, they stripped him of his tunic, the distinctive 1multicolored tunic which he was wearing;See note v 3. 24 then they took him and threw him into the pit. Now the pit was empty; there was no water in it.
25 Then they sat down to eat their meal. When they looked up, they saw a caravan of 1aIshmaelites coming from Gilead east of the Jordan, with their camels bearing ladanum bresin for perfume and cbalm and 2myrrh, going on their way to carry the cargo down to Egypt.Descendants of Abraham and Hagar (Sarah’s maid, 16:15).A valuable tree resin.Gen 16:11, 12; 37:28; 39:1Gen 43:11Jer 8:22; 46:11 26 Judah said to his brothers, “What do we gain if we kill our brother and acover up his blood ?Gen 37:20 27 aCome, let us instead sell him to these Ishmaelites and 1Midianites and not lay our hands on him, because he is our brother and our flesh.” So his brothers listened to him and agreed. Gen 22:24; 25:2Descendants of Abraham and Hagar, his concubine.Gen 42:21 28 Then as the 1aMidianite and Ishmaelite traders were passing by, the brothers pulled Joseph up and lifted him out of the pit, and they bsold him to the Ishmaelites for twenty shekels of silver. And so cthey took Joseph as a captive into Egypt.The relationship between the Midianites and the Ishmaelites as they are mentioned here is unclear. It is possible, as some have suggested, that “Ishmaelites” came to be used as a general term for desert tribes, and that the same merchants are called by both names in this verse. This would also explain the reference to the “Midianites” in v 36. Another explanation, which was offered by the rabbis, is that Joseph was sold first to the Ishmaelites, who then sold him to the Midianites. Another possibility is that they were Ishmaelites from the area of Midian.Gen 37:25; Judg 6:1-3; 8:22, 24Gen 45:4, 5; Ps 105:17; Acts 7:9Gen 39:1
29 Now Reuben unaware of what had happened returned to the pit, and to his great alarm found that Joseph was not in the pit; so he atore his clothes in deep sorrow.Gen 37:34; 44:13 30 He rejoined his brothers and said, “aThe boy is not there; as for me, where shall I go to hide from my father?”Gen 42:13, 36 31 Then athey took Joseph’s tunic, slaughtered a male goat and dipped the tunic in the blood;Gen 37:3, 23 32 and they brought the multicolored tunic to their father, saying, “We have found this; please examine it and decide whether or not it is your son’s tunic.” 33 He recognized it and said, “It is my son’s tunic. aA wild animal has devoured him; bJoseph is without doubt torn in pieces!”Gen 37:20Gen 44:28 34 So Jacob atore his clothes in grief, put 1on sackcloth and mourned many days for his son.An uncomfortable material woven from goat hair and worn in mourning.Gen 37:29 35 Then all his sons and daughters attempted to console him, but he refused to be comforted and said, “I will ago down to Sheol in mourning for my son.” And his father wept for him.Gen 25:8; 35:29; 42:38; 44:29, 31 36 Meanwhile, in Egypt the Midianites asold Joseph as a slave to Potiphar, an officer of Pharaoh and the captain of the royal guard.Gen 39:1