Paul, a bond-servant of Christ Jesus, ^1acalled as an apostle, ^bset apart for ^cthe gospel of God, 2 which He ^apromised beforehand through His ^bprophets in the holy Scriptures, 3 concerning His Son, who was born ^aof a ¹descendant of David ^baccording to the flesh, 4 who was declared ^athe Son of God with power according to the ¹Spirit of holiness ²by the resurrection from the dead, Jesus Christ our Lord, 5 through whom we have received grace and ^aapostleship ¹to bring about the ^bobedience of faith among ^call the Gentiles in behalf of His name, 6 among whom you also are the ^acalled of Jesus Christ;

7 to all who are ^abeloved of God in Rome, called as ^1bsaints: ^cGrace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.

8 First, ^aI thank my God through Jesus Christ ¹for you all, because ^byour faith is being proclaimed throughout the world. 9 For ^aGod, whom I ^bserve in my spirit in the preaching of the gospel of His Son, is my witness as to how unceasingly ^cI make mention of you, 10 always in my prayers requesting if perhaps now, at last by ^athe will of God, I will succeed in coming to you. 11 For ^aI long to see you so that I may impart some spiritual gift to you, that you may be ¹established; 12 that is, that I may be encouraged together with you while among you, each of us by the other’s faith, both yours and mine. 13 ^aI do not want you to be unaware, ^bbrothers and sisters, that often I ^chave planned to come to you (and have been prevented so far) so that I may obtain some ^dfruit among you also just as among the rest of the Gentiles. 14 ^aI am ¹under obligation both to Greeks and to the ^2buncultured, both to the wise and to the foolish. 15 So, for my part, I am eager to ^apreach the gospel to you also who are in Rome.

16 For I am not ^aashamed of the gospel, for ^bit is the power of God for salvation to everyone who believes, to the ^cJew first and also to ^dthe Greek. 17 For in it ^athe righteousness of God is revealed ¹from faith to faith; as it is written: “^2bBUT THE RIGHTEOUS ONE WILL LIVE BY FAITH.”

18 For ^athe wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of people who ^bsuppress the truth ¹in unrighteousness, 19 because ^athat which is known about God is evident ¹within them; for God made it evident to them. 20 For ^asince the creation of the world His invisible attributes, that is, His eternal power and divine nature, have been clearly perceived, ^bbeing understood by what has been made, so that they are without excuse. 21 For even though they knew God, they did not ¹honor Him as God or give thanks, but they became ^afutile in their reasonings, and their senseless hearts were darkened. 22 ^aClaiming to be wise, they became fools, 23 and they ^aexchanged the glory of the incorruptible God for an image in the form of corruptible mankind, of birds, four-footed animals, and ¹crawling creatures.

24 Therefore ^aGod gave them up to vile impurity in the lusts of their hearts, so that their bodies would be ^bdishonored among them. 25 For they exchanged the truth of God for ^1afalsehood, and worshiped and served the creature rather than the Creator, ^bwho is blessed ²forever. Amen.

26 For this reason ^aGod gave them over to ^bdegrading passions; for their women exchanged natural relations for that which is contrary to nature, 27 and likewise the men, too, abandoned natural relations ¹with women and burned in their desire toward one another, ^amales with males committing ²shameful acts and receiving in ³their own persons the due penalty of their error.

28 And just as they did not see fit ¹to acknowledge God, ^aGod gave them up to a depraved mind, to do those things that are not proper, 29 people having been filled with all unrighteousness, wickedness, greed, and evil; full of envy, murder, strife, deceit, and malice; they are ^agossips, 30 slanderers, ^1ahaters of God, insolent, arrogant, boastful, inventors of evil, ^bdisobedient to parents, 31 without understanding, untrustworthy, ^aunfeeling, and unmerciful; 32 and although they know the ordinance of God, that those who practice such things are worthy of ^adeath, they not only do the same, but also ^bapprove of those who practice them.