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Causas de la caída del reino de Israel

En el año doce de Acaz, rey de Judá, Oseas, hijo de Elaa, comenzó a reinar sobre Israel en Samaria, y reinó nueve años. E hizo lo malo ante los ojos del SEÑOR, aunque no como los reyes de Israel que habían sido antes de él. Subió contra él Salmanasara, rey de Asiria, y Oseas fue hecho su siervob, y le pagaba tributo. Pero el rey de Asiria descubrió una conspiración de1 Oseas, quien había enviado mensajeros a So, rey de Egipto, y no había pagado tributo al rey de Asiria como había hecho año tras año; por tanto el rey de Asiria lo detuvo y lo encadenó en la cárcel. Entonces el rey de Asiria invadió todo el país y subió a Samariaa, y le puso sitio por tres años. En el año noveno de Oseas, el rey de Asiria tomó Samariaa y se llevó a Israel al destierrob en Asiria, y los puso en Halah y en Habor, río de Gozánc, y en las ciudades de los medosd.

Esto1 sucedió porque los hijos de Israel habían pecado contra el SEÑOR su Diosa, que los había sacado2 de la tierra de Egipto de bajo la mano de Faraón, rey de Egiptob, y habían reverenciado a otros diosesc; y anduvieron en las costumbres1 de las naciones que el SEÑOR había arrojado de delante de los hijos de Israela, y en las costumbres de los reyes de Israel que ellos habían introducido2b. Y los hijos de Israel secretamente hicieron cosas1 que no eran rectas contra el SEÑOR su Dios. Además se edificaron lugares altos en todas sus ciudades, desde las torres de atalaya hasta las ciudades fortificadasa. 10 Se erigieron pilares sagradosa y Aseras1 sobre toda colina alta y bajo todo árbol frondosob, 11 y quemaron incienso allí en todos los lugares altos, como las naciones que el SEÑOR se había llevado al destierro de delante de ellos; e hicieron cosas malas provocando al SEÑOR. 12 Y sirvieron a ídolos, acerca de los cuales el SEÑOR les había dicho: Vosotros no haréis estoa. 13 Y el SEÑOR amonestabaa a Israel y a Judá por medio de todos sus profetasb y de todo videntec, diciendo: Volveos de vuestros malos caminos y guardad mis mandamientos, mis estatutos conforme a toda la ley que ordené a vuestros padres y que os envié por medio1 de mis siervos los profetasd. 14 Sin embargo, ellos no escucharon, sino que endurecieron su cerviz como1 sus padres, que no creyeron en el SEÑOR su Diosa. 15 Desecharon sus estatutosa y el pacto que Él había hecho con sus padresb, y sus advertencias con las cuales los había amonestado. Y siguieron la vanidadc y se hicieron vanosd, y fueron en pos de las naciones que los rodeaban, respecto de las cuales el SEÑOR les había ordenado que no hicieran como ellase. 16 Y abandonaron todos los mandamientos del SEÑOR su Dios, y se hicieron imágenes fundidas de dos becerrosa; hicieron una Asera1b, adoraron a todo el ejército de los cielosc y sirvieron a Baald. 17 Hicieron pasar por el fuego a sus hijos y a sus hijasa, practicaron la adivinación y los auguriosb, y se entregaron a1 hacer lo malo ante los ojos del SEÑOR, provocándolec. 18 Y el SEÑOR se airó en gran manera contra Israela y los quitó de su presencia; no quedó sinosolo la tribu de Judáb.

19 Tampoco Judá1 guardó los mandamientos del SEÑOR su Diosa, sino que anduvieron en las costumbres2 que Israel había introducido3b. 20 Y el SEÑOR desechó a toda la descendencia1 de Israel, y los afligió y los entregó en mano de saqueadores, hasta que los echó de su presenciaa. 21 Cuando Él arrancó a Israel de la casa de Davida, ellos hicieron rey a Jeroboamb, hijo de Nabat. Entonces Jeroboam apartó a Israel de seguir al SEÑOR, y les hizo cometer1 un gran pecadoc. 22 Y los hijos de Israel anduvieron en todos los pecados que había cometido Jeroboam; no se apartaron de ellos, 23 hasta que el SEÑOR quitó a Israel de su presencia, como Él había hablado por medio1 de todos sus siervos los profetasa. E Israel fue llevado de su propia tierra al destierro, a Asiriab, hasta hoy.

24 Y el rey de Asiria trajo hombres de Babilonia, de Cuta, de Ava1a, de Hamatb y de Sefarvaim, y los puso en las ciudades de Samaria en lugar de los hijos de Israel. Y tomaron posesión de Samaria y habitaron en sus ciudadesc. 25 Y aconteció que como al principio de habitar ellos allí, no temieron al SEÑORa, el SEÑOR envió leones entre ellos que mataron a muchos de ellos. 26 Entonces hablaron al rey de Asiria, diciendo: Las naciones que has llevado al destierro a las ciudades de Samaria, no conocen la costumbre del dios de la tierra; por eso él ha enviado leones entre ellos, y he aquí, los leones los matan porque ellos no conocen la costumbre del dios de la tierra.

27 Y el rey de Asiria ordenó, diciendo: Llevad allá a uno de los sacerdotes que llevasteis al destierro1, y que él vaya y habite2 allí; y que les enseñe la costumbre del dios de la tierra. 28 Y vino uno de los sacerdotes que habían llevado al destierro desde Samaria, y habitó en Betel, y les enseñó cómo habían de temer al SEÑOR. 29 Pero cada nación continuó haciendo sus propios dioses, y los pusieron en las casas de los lugares altos que los samaritanos habían hechoa, cada nación en las1 ciudades en que habitaban. 30 Y los hombres de Babilonia hicieron a Sucot-benot; los hombres de Cutaa hicieron a Nergal; los hombres de Hamat hicieron a Asima; 31 y los aveos hicieron a Nibhaz y a Tartac; y los de Sefarvaim quemaban a sus hijos en el fuegoa como ofrenda a Adramelecb y Anamelec, dioses de Sefarvaimc. 32 También temían al SEÑORa y nombraron de entre sí1 sacerdotes de los lugares altos, que oficiaban por ellos en las casas de los lugares altosb. 33 Temían al SEÑOR y servían a sus dioses conforme a la costumbre de las naciones de donde habían sido llevados al destierro.

34 Hasta el día de hoy siguen haciendo conforme a sus antiguas costumbres. No temen al SEÑOR, ni siguen1 sus estatutos ni sus ordenanzas ni la ley ni el mandamiento que el SEÑOR había ordenado a los hijos de Jacob, a quien puso el nombre de Israela, 35 con los cuales el SEÑOR hizo un pacto y les ordenó, diciendo: No temeréis a otros diosesa ni os inclinaréis ante ellos, no los serviréis ni les ofreceréis sacrificiosb. 36 Sino que al SEÑOR, que os hizo subir de la tierra de Egiptoa con gran poder y con brazo extendidob, a Él temeréis y ante Él os inclinaréisc y a Él ofreceréis sacrificios. 37 Y los estatutos, las ordenanzas, la ley y el mandamiento que Él os escribióa, cuidaréis de cumplirlos siempre, y no temeréis a otros dioses. 38 Y el pacto que he hecho con vosotros, no lo olvidaréis, ni temeréis a otros diosesa. 39 Sino que al SEÑOR vuestro Dios temeréis, y Él os librará de la mano de todos vuestros enemigos. 40 Pero ellos no escucharon, sino que hicieron conforme a su antigua costumbre. 41 Y aunque estas naciones temían al SEÑOR, también servían a sus ídolos1a; y de la misma manera que hicieron sus padres, así hacen hasta hoy sus hijos y sus nietos.

Hoshea Reigns over Israel

In the twelfth year of Ahaz king of Judah, aHoshea the son of Elah became king over Israel in Samaria, and reigned nine years. He did evil in the sight of the LORD, only not as the kings of Israel who were before him. aShalmaneser king of Assyria came up bagainst him, and Hoshea became his servant and paid him tribute. But the king of Assyria found conspiracy in Hoshea, who had sent messengers to So king of Egypt and had offered no tribute to the king of Assyria, as he had done year by year; so the king of Assyria shut him up and bound him in prison.

Then the king of Assyria invaded the whole land and went up to aSamaria and besieged it three years.

Israel Captive

In the ninth year of Hoshea, athe king of Assyria captured Samaria and bcarried Israel away into exile to Assyria, and csettled them in Halah and Habor, on the river of dGozan, and ein the cities of the Medes.

Why Israel Fell

Now athis came about because the sons of Israel had sinned against the LORD their God, bwho had brought them up from the land of Egypt from under the hand of Pharaoh, king of Egypt, cand they had 1feared other gods and awalked in the 1customs of the nations whom the LORD had driven out before the sons of Israel, and in the customs bof the kings of Israel which they had 2introduced. The sons of Israel 1did things secretly which were not right against the LORD their God. Moreover, they built for themselves high places in all their towns, from awatchtower to fortified city. 10 aThey set for themselves sacred pillars and 1bAsherim on every high hill and under every green tree, 11 and there they burned incense on all the high places as the nations did which the LORD had carried away to exile before them; and they did evil things provoking the LORD. 12 They served idols, aconcerning which the LORD had said to them, “You shall not do this thing.” 13 Yet the aLORD warned Israel and Judah bthrough all His prophets and cevery seer, saying, “dTurn from your evil ways and keep My commandments, My statutes according to all the law which I commanded your fathers, and which I sent to you through My servants the prophets.” 14 However, they did not listen, but astiffened their neck 1like their fathers, who did not believe in the LORD their God. 15 aThey rejected His statutes and bHis covenant which He made with their fathers and His warnings with which He warned them. And cthey followed vanity and dbecame vain, and went after the nations which surrounded them, concerning which the eLORD had commanded them not to do like them. 16 They forsook all the commandments of the LORD their God and made for themselves molten images, even atwo calves, and bmade an 1Asherah and cworshiped all the host of heaven and dserved Baal. 17 Then athey made their sons and their daughters pass through the fire, and bpracticed divination and enchantments, and csold themselves to do evil in the sight of the LORD, provoking Him. 18 So the LORD was very angry with Israel and aremoved them from His 1sight; bnone was left except the tribe of Judah.

19 Also aJudah did not keep the commandments of the LORD their God, but bwalked in the 1customs 2which Israel had 3introduced. 20 The LORD rejected all the 1descendants of Israel and afflicted them and agave them into the hand of plunderers, until He had cast them 2out of His sight.

21 When aHe had torn Israel from the house of David, bthey made Jeroboam the son of Nebat king. Then cJeroboam drove Israel away from following the LORD and made them 1commit a great sin. 22 The sons of Israel walked in all the sins of Jeroboam which he did; they did not depart from them 23 auntil the LORD removed Israel from His sight, bas He spoke through all His servants the prophets. cSo Israel was carried away into exile from their own land to Assyria until this day.

Cities of Israel Filled with Strangers

24 aThe king of Assyria brought men from Babylon and from Cuthah and from 1bAvva and from cHamath and Sepharvaim, and settled them in the cities of Samaria in place of the sons of Israel. So they possessed Samaria and lived in its cities. 25 At the beginning of their living there, they adid not fear the LORD; therefore the LORD sent lions among them which killed some of them. 26 So they spoke to the king of Assyria, saying, “The nations whom you have carried away into exile in the cities of Samaria do not know the custom of the god of the land; so he has sent lions among them, and behold, they kill them because they do not know the custom of the god of the land.”

27 Then the king of Assyria commanded, saying, “Take there one of the priests whom you carried away into 1exile and let 2him go and live there; and let him teach them the custom of the god of the land.” 28 So one of the priests whom they had carried away into exile from Samaria came and lived at Bethel, and taught them how they should fear the LORD.

29 But every nation still made gods of its own and put them ain the houses of the high places which the people of Samaria had made, every nation in their cities in which they lived. 30 aThe men of Babylon made Succoth-benoth, the men of Cuth made Nergal, the men of Hamath made Ashima, 31 and the Avvites made Nibhaz and Tartak; and athe Sepharvites burned their children in the fire to bAdrammelech and Anammelech the gods of cSepharvaim. 32 aThey also feared the LORD and 1bappointed from among themselves priests of the high places, who acted for them in the houses of the high places. 33 They feared the LORD and served their own gods according to the custom of the nations from among whom they had been carried away into exile.

34 To this day they do according to the earlier customs: they do not fear the LORD, nor do they 1follow their statutes or their ordinances or the law, or the commandments which the LORD commanded the sons of Jacob, awhom He named Israel; 35 with whom the LORD made a covenant and commanded them, saying, “aYou shall not fear other gods, nor bbow down yourselves to them nor cserve them nor sacrifice to them. 36 But the LORD, awho brought you up from the land of Egypt with great power and with ban outstretched arm, cHim you shall fear, and to Him you shall bow yourselves down, and to Him you shall sacrifice. 37 The statutes and the ordinances and the law and the commandment which He wrote for you, ayou shall observe to do forever; and you shall not fear other gods. 38 The covenant that I have made with you, ayou shall not forget, nor shall you fear other gods. 39 But the LORD your God you shall fear; and He will deliver you from the hand of all your enemies.” 40 However, they did not listen, but they did according to their earlier custom. 41 aSo while these nations feared the LORD, they also served their 1idols; their children likewise and their grandchildren, as their fathers did, so they do to this day.

Hoshea Reigns over Israel

In the twelfth year of Ahaz king of Judah, aHoshea the son of Elah became king over Israel in Samaria, and reigned for nine years. He did evil in the sight of the LORD, only not as the kings of Israel who preceded him. aShalmaneser the king of Assyria marched bagainst him, and Hoshea became his servant and paid him tribute. But the king of Assyria uncovered a conspiracy by Hoshea, who had sent messengers to So, king of Egypt, and had then brought no tribute to the king of Assyria, as he had done year by year; so the king of Assyria arrested him and confined him in prison.

Then the king of Assyria invaded the entire land, and went up to aSamaria and besieged it for three years.

Israel Captive

In the ninth year of Hoshea, athe king of Assyria captured Samaria and bled the people of Israel into exile to Assyria, and csettled them in Halah and Habor, on the river of dGozan, and ein the cities of the Medes.

Why Israel Fell

Now athis came about because the sons of Israel had sinned against the LORD their God, bwho had brought them up from the land of Egypt, from under the hand of Pharaoh, king of Egypt; cand they had 1feared other gods. They also 1afollowed the 2customs of the nations whom the LORD had driven out from the sons of Israel, and in the customs bof the kings of Israel which they had 3introduced. And the sons of Israel 1did things secretly against the LORD their God which were not right. Moreover, they built for themselves high places in all their towns, from awatchtower to fortified city. 10 And athey set up for themselves memorial stones and 1bAsherim on every high hill and under every green tree, 11 and there they burned incense on all the high places as the nations did that the LORD had taken into exile before them; and they did evil things, provoking the LORD. 12 They served idols, aconcerning which the LORD had said to them, “You shall not do this thing.” 13 Yet the aLORD warned Israel and Judah 1bthrough all His prophets and cevery seer, saying, “dTurn back from your evil ways and keep My commandments and My statutes in accordance with all the Law which I commanded your fathers, and which I sent to you 2through My servants the prophets.” 14 However, they did not listen, but astiffened their neck 1like their fathers, who did not believe in the LORD their God. 15 aThey rejected His statutes and bHis covenant which He made with their fathers, and His warnings which He 1gave them. And cthey followed 2idols and dbecame empty, and followed the nations that surrounded them, about which the eLORD had commanded them not to do as they did. 16 And they abandoned all the commandments of the LORD their God and made for themselves cast metal images: atwo calves. And they bmade an 1Asherah, and cworshiped all the heavenly 2lights, and dserved Baal. 17 Then athey made their sons and their daughters pass through the fire, and they bpracticed divination and interpreting omens, and cgave themselves over to do evil in the sight of the LORD, provoking Him. 18 So the LORD was very angry with Israel, and He aremoved them from His 1sight; bno one was left except the tribe of Judah.

19 aJudah did not keep the commandments of the LORD their God either, but they 1bfollowed the 2customs 3which Israel had 4introduced. 20 So the LORD rejected all the 1descendants of Israel and afflicted them and ahanded them over to plunderers, until He had cast them 2out of His sight.

21 When aHe had torn Israel from the house of David, bthey made Jeroboam the son of Nebat king. Then cJeroboam drove Israel away from following the LORD and misled them into a great sin. 22 And the sons of Israel walked in all the sins of Jeroboam which he committed; they did not desist from them 23 auntil the LORD removed Israel from His sight, bjust as He had spoken through all His servants the prophets. cSo Israel went into exile from their own land to Assyria until this day.

Cities of Israel Filled with Strangers

24 aThen the king of Assyria brought people from Babylon, Cuthah, 1bAvva, cHamath, and Sepharvaim, and settled them in the cities of Samaria in place of the sons of Israel. So they took possession of Samaria and lived in its cities. 25 And at the beginning of their living there, they adid not fear the LORD; therefore the LORD sent lions among them that were killing some of them. 26 So they spoke to the king of Assyria, saying, “The nations whom you have taken into exile and settled in the cities of Samaria do not know the custom of the God of the land; so He has sent lions among them, and behold, they are killing them because they do not know the custom of the God of the land.”

27 Then the king of Assyria issued commands, saying, “Take one of the priests there whom you led into 1exile, and have 2him go and live there; and have him teach them the custom of the God of the land.” 28 So one of the priests whom they had led into exile from Samaria came and lived in Bethel, and taught them how they were to fear the LORD.

29 But every nation was still making gods of its own, and they put them ain the houses of the high places which the people of Samaria had made, every nation in their cities in which they lived. 30 aThe men of Babylon made Succoth-benoth, the men of Cuth made Nergal, the men of Hamath made Ashima, 31 and the Avvites made Nibhaz and Tartak; and athe Sepharvites were burning their children in the fire to bAdrammelech and Anammelech, the gods of cSepharvaim. 32 aThey also feared the LORD and 1bappointed from their entire population priests of the high places, who acted for them in the houses of the high places. 33 They feared the LORD, yet they were serving their own gods in accordance with the custom of the nations from among whom they had been taken into exile.

34 To this day they act in accordance with the earlier customs: they do not fear the LORD, nor do they 1follow their statutes, their ordinances, the Law, or the commandments which the LORD commanded the sons of Jacob, awhom He named Israel. 35 The LORD made a covenant with them and commanded them, saying, “aYou shall not fear other gods, nor bbow down to them, nor cserve them, nor sacrifice to them. 36 But the LORD, awho brought you up from the land of Egypt with great power and with ban outstretched arm, cHim you shall fear, and to Him you shall bow down, and to Him you shall sacrifice. 37 And the statutes, the ordinances, the Law, and the commandment which He wrote for you, ayou shall take care to do always; and you shall not fear other gods. 38 The covenant that I have made with you, ayou shall not forget, nor shall you fear other gods. 39 But you shall fear the LORD your God; and He will save you from the hand of all your enemies.” 40 However, they did not listen, but they kept acting in accordance with their earlier custom. 41 aSo while these nations feared the LORD, they also served their 1idols; their children likewise and their grandchildren, just as their fathers did, they do to this day.