aRehoboam went to 1Shechem, for all Israel had come to bShechem to make him king.An important city located in the tribal territory of Ephraim, about thirty miles north of Jerusalem.2 Chr 10:1Judg 9:6 2 Now when aJeroboam the son of Nebat heard about it, he was living in Egypt (for he was still in Egypt, where he had fled from King Solomon).1 Kin 11:26, 40 3 So they sent word and called for him, and Jeroboam and all the assembly of Israel came and spoke to Rehoboam, saying, 4 “aYour father made our yoke heavy; so now lighten the hard labor and the heavy yoke your father imposed on us, and we will serve you.”1 Sam 8:11-18; 1 Kin 4:7, 21-25; 9:15 5 Rehoboam replied to them, “aLeave for three days, then come back to me for my decision.” So the people left.1 Kin 12:12
6 King Rehoboam aconsulted with the elders who had served and advised his father Solomon while he was still alive and said, “How do you advise me to answer this people?”1 Kin 4:1-6; Job 12:12; 32:7 7 They spoke to him, saying, “aIf you will be a servant to this people today, and will serve them and grant their request, and speak good words to them, then they will be your servants forever.”2 Chr 10:7; Prov 15:1 8 But he 1ignored the advice which the elders gave him and consulted the young men who grew up with him and served him.Lit forsook. Rehoboam’s decision was his own responsibility, but like Pharaoh in his dealings with Moses, Rehoboam was also led by the Lord to respond as he did so that the will of the Lord would be carried out (see v 15). 9 He said to them, “What do you advise that we answer this people who have said to me, ‘Lighten the yoke which your father put on us’?” 10 The young men who had grown up with him answered, “This is what you should say to this people who told you, ‘Your father made our yoke heavy, but as for you, make our yoke lighter’—say this to them: ‘My little finger is thicker than my father’s loins and my reign will be even more severe. 11 And now, whereas my father loaded you with a heavy yoke, I will add to your yoke. My father disciplined you with whips, but I will discipline you with 1scorpions.’”I.e. whips with sharp metal studs.
12 Jeroboam and all the people acame back to Rehoboam on the third day, just as the king had instructed, saying, “Return to me on the third day.”1 Kin 12:5 13 The king answered the people harshly and 1ignored the advice which the elders had given him,Lit forsook. 14 and spoke to them in accordance with the advice of the young men, saying, “aMy father made your yoke heavy, but as for me, I will add to your yoke; my father disciplined you with whips, but I will discipline you with scorpions.”Ex 1:13, 14; 5:5-9, 16-18 15 So the king did not listen to the people; afor the situation was from the LORD, bso that He might fulfill His word which He spoke through Ahijah the Shilonite to Jeroboam the son of Nebat. 1+@Kin 11:29-33Deut 2:30; Judg 14:4; 1 Kin 12:24; 2 Chr 10:151 Kin 11:11, 31
16 So when all the ten northern tribes of Israel saw that the king did not listen to them, the people replied to the king, saying,“What portion do we have in David?We have no inheritance in the son of Jesse;aTo your tents, O Israel!Look now after 1your own house, David!”Then Israel went back to their tents.This verse indicates the decision of the ten northern tribes to break away from David’s dynasty and, in so doing, creating the divided kingdom—Israel in the north and Judah (David’s tribe) in the south.2 Sam 20:1 17 But as for athe sons of Israel who lived in the cities of Judah including Benjamin, Rehoboam reigned over them.1 Kin 11:13, 36 18 Then King Rehoboam sent 1aAdoram, who was in charge of the forced labor to represent him, and all Israel stoned him to death. And King Rehoboam quickly mounted his chariot to escape to Jerusalem.Adoniram in 4:6; 5:14.2 Sam 20:24; 1 Kin 4:6; 5:14 19 aSo Israel has rebelled against the house of David to this day .2 Kin 17:21
20 It came about when all Israel heard that Jeroboam had returned, that they sent word and called him to the assembly and made him king over all Israel. aNone followed the house of David except the tribe of Judah including Benjamin.1 Kin 11:13, 32, 36
21 aNow when Rehoboam arrived in Jerusalem, he assembled all the fighting men from the house of Judah, with the tribe of Benjamin, 180,000 chosen warriors, to fight against the house of Israel to bring the kingdom back to Rehoboam the son of Solomon.2 Chr 11:1 22 But the word of God came to aShemaiah the man of God, saying,2 Chr 11:2; 12:5-7 23 “Tell Rehoboam the son of Solomon, king of Judah, and all the house of Judah and Benjamin and the arest of the people,1 Kin 12:17 24 ‘Thus says the LORD, “You shall not go up and fight against your brothers, the sons of Israel. Let every man return to his house, afor this thing has come about from Me.”’” So they listened to the word of the LORD and returned to go home, in accordance with the word of the LORD.1 Kin 12:15
25 Then aJeroboam built Shechem as his royal city in the hill country of Ephraim and lived there. He went out from there and rebuilt bPenuel as a stronghold.Gen 12:6; Judg 9:45-49Gen 32:30, 31; Judg 8:8, 17 26 Jeroboam doubted God’s promise to him and said in his heart, “Now the kingdom will return to the house of David. 1+@Kin 11:38 27 aIf these people go up to the house of the LORD in Jerusalem to offer sacrifices, then their heart will turn to their lord, to Rehoboam king of Judah; and they will kill me and return to Rehoboam king of Judah.”Deut 12:5-7, 14 28 So the king took counsel and followed bad advice and amade two 1bcalves of gold. And he said to the people, “It is too much for you to go all the way up to Jerusalem; cbehold your gods, O Israel, who brought you up out of the land of Egypt.”Cf the incident of the golden calf in the wilderness, and see note Ex 32:4. Jeroboam evidently was convinced that the Israelites would respond to calf idols just as their ancestors had (despite the consequences), and unfortunately he was right.2 Kin 10:29; 17:16; Hos 8:4-7Hos 10:5Ex 32:4, 8 29 He set the aone golden calf in bBethel, and the other he put in 1cDan.Northernmost city in Jeroboam’s kingdom.Hos 10:5Gen 28:19Judg 18:26-31 30 Now athis thing became a sin for Israel; because the people went to worship before the one or the other of them as far as Dan.1 Kin 13:34; 2 Kin 17:21 31 aAnd Jeroboam also made houses on high places, and he bmade priests from 1all people who were not of the sons of Levi.Lit the extremities of the people.1 Kin 13:321 Kin 13:33; 2 Kin 17:32; 2 Chr 11:15; 13:9 32 Jeroboam held a feast on the fifteenth day of the 1eighth month, alike the feast which is kept in Judah, and he went up to the altar; he did this in Bethel, sacrificing to the calves which he had made. And he stationed in Bethel bthe priests of the high places which he had made. Lev 23:34Jeroboam chose the eighth month to worship idols in competition with the Feast of Booths in Jerusalem during the seventh month at the temple.Lev 23:33, 34; Num 29:12; 1 Kin 8:2, 5Amos 7:10-13 33 So he went up to the altar which he had made in Bethel on the fifteenth day of the eighth month, in the month which he had adevised in his own heart in defiance of God’s commandments; and he held a feast for the Israelites and he went up to the altar bto burn 1incense in defiance of God’s law.Or sacrifices.Num 15:391 Kin 13:1