Now athe bPharisees and Sadducees came up, and testing Jesus to get something to use against Him, they casked Him to show them a sign from heaven which would support His divine authority.Matt 16:1-12: <IT>Mark 8:11-21</IT>Matt 3:7; 16:6, 11, 12Matt 12:38; Luke 11:16 2 But He replied to them, “1aWhen it is evening, you say, ‘It will be fair weather, for the sky is red.’Early mss do not contain the rest of v 2 and all of v 3 beginning with “When it is evening” in v 2.Luke 12:54f 3 And in the morning, ‘It will be stormy today, for the sky is red and has a threatening look.’ aYou know how to interpret the appearance of the sky, but cannot interpret the signs of the times?Luke 12:56 4 aAn evil and morally unfaithful generation craves a miraculous sign; but no sign will be given to it, except the sign of the prophet Jonah.” Then He left them and went away. Jon 3:4, 5Matt 12:39; Luke 11:29
5 When the disciples reached the other side of the sea, they realized that they had forgotten to bring bread. 6 Jesus said to them, “Watch out and abe on your guard against the 1leaven of the bPharisees and Sadducees.”Here, leaven represents the man-made traditions and false teachings of the Pharisees which were preventing the nation of Israel from attaining right standing with God and from recognizing and accepting the Messiah.Mark 8:15; Luke 12:1Matt 3:7 7 They began to discuss this among themselves, saying, “He said that because we did not bring bread.” 8 But Jesus, aware of this, said, “aYou men of little faith, why are you discussing among yourselves that you have no bread?Matt 6:30; 8:26; 14:31 9 Do you still not understand or remember athe five loaves for the five thousand, and how many baskets you picked up?Matt 14:17-21 10 Or athe seven loaves for the four thousand, and how many large baskets you picked up?Matt 15:34-38 11 How is it that you fail to understand that I was not talking to you about bread? But abeware of the leaven of the bPharisees and Sadducees.”Matt 16:6; Mark 8:15; Luke 12:1Matt 3:7; 16:6, 12 12 Then they understood that He did not tell them to beware of the leaven of bread, but of the false teaching of the aPharisees and Sadducees.Matt 3:7; 5:20
13 aNow when Jesus went into the 1region of bCaesarea Philippi, He asked His disciples, “Who do people say that cthe Son of Man is?” Mark 8:27-29; Luke 9:18-20In Jesus’ day this was Gentile territory. Today this region is known as the Golan Heights. The ancient city of Caesarea Philippi was located at the foot of Mt. Hermon, near the Banias Spring, one of the three springs which feeds into the Jordan River.Matt 16:13-16: <IT>Mark 8:27-29; Luke 9:18-20</IT>Mark 8:27Matt 8:20; 16:27, 28 14 And they answered, “Some say aJohn the Baptist; others, bElijah; and still others, Jeremiah, or just one of the prophets.”Matt 14:2Matt 17:10; Mark 6:15; Luke 9:8; John 1:21 15 He said to them, “But who do you say that I am?” 16 Simon Peter replied, “You are athe Christ , bthe Son of cthe living God.”Matt 1:16; 16:20; John 11:27Matt 4:3Ps 42:2; Matt 26:63; Acts 14:15; Rom 9:26; 2 Cor 3:3; 6:16; 1 Thess 1:9; 1 Tim 3:15; 4:10; Heb 3:12; 9:14; 10:31; 12:22; Rev 7:2 17 Then Jesus answered him, “Blessed happy, spiritually secure, favored by God are you, aSimon son of Jonah, because bflesh and blood did not reveal this to you, but My Father who is in heaven.John 1:42; 21:15-171 Cor 15:50; Gal 1:16; Eph 6:12; Heb 2:14 18 And I say to you that you are 1aPeter, and on this 2rock I will build My church; and the 3gates of bHades will not overpower it by preventing the resurrection of the Christ. Eph 1:22; 4:15; 5:23; Col 1:18Gr petros, a small or detached stone.Gr petra, bedrock or a huge rock. Jesus uses a simple play on the Greek words petros and petra in this verse. Throughout the NT Christ is clearly depicted as both the foundation petra and chief cornerstone of the church. Here He praises Peter for his accurate confession of faith in Him as Messiah. Peter explains the role of believers as “living stones” in the church which is built on Christ as the foundation and cornerstone (1 Pet 2:5, 6).The physical death of Christ will not hinder the establishment of the church nor will death overtake the church.Matt 4:18Matt 11:23 19 I will give you athe keys of the kingdom of heaven; and bwhatever you bind forbid, declare to be improper and unlawful on earth 1will have already been bound in heaven, and whatever you loose permit, declare lawful on earth 2will have already been loosed in heaven.” Is 22:22; Matt 18:18Gr estai dedemenon, future perfect passive referring to a state of having already been bound.Gr estai lelumenon, future perfect passive.Is 22:22; Rev 1:18; 3:7Matt 18:18; John 20:23 20 aThen He gave the disciples strict orders to tell no one that He was bthe Christ .Matt 8:4; Mark 8:30; Luke 9:21Matt 1:16; 16:16; John 11:27
21 1aFrom that time on Jesus began to show His disciples clearly that He must go to Jerusalem, and bendure many things at the hands of the elders and the chief priests and scribes , and be killed, and be raised from death to life on the third day. Mark 8:31-9:1; Luke 9:22-27This marks a turning point in the book. 4:17 marked the beginning of Jesus’ public ministry offering the kingdom to Israel. Since Israel rejected the Messiah, the kingdom is held in abeyance and the Messiah must suffer death. But He had to die in any case to provide salvation.Matt 16:21-28: <IT>Mark 8:31-9:1; Luke 9:22-27</IT>Matt 12:40; 17:9, 12, 22f; 20:18f; 27:63; Mark 9:12, 31; Luke 17:25; 18:32; 24:7; John 2:19 22 Peter took Him aside to speak to Him privately and began to reprimand Him, saying, “May God forbid it! This will never happen to You.” 23 But Jesus turned and said to Peter, “Get behind Me, aSatan! You are a stumbling block to Me; for you are not setting your mind on things of God, but on things of man.”Matt 4:10
24 Then Jesus said to His disciples, “If anyone wishes to follow Me as My disciple, he must deny himself set aside selfish interests, and atake up his cross expressing a willingness to endure whatever may come and follow Me believing in Me, conforming to My example in living and, if need be, suffering or perhaps dying because of faith in Me.Matt 10:38; Luke 14:27 25 For awhoever wishes to save his life in this world will eventually lose it through death, but whoever loses his life in this world for My sake will find it that is, life with Me for all eternity.Matt 10:39 26 For what will it profit a man if he gains the whole world wealth, fame, success, but forfeits his soul? Or what will a man give in exchange for his soul? 27 For the aSon of Man bis going to come in the glory and majesty of His Father with His angels, and cTHEN HE WILL REPAY EACH ONE IN ACCORDANCE WITH WHAT HE HAS DONE. Ps 62:12Matt 8:20Matt 10:23; 24:3, 27, 37, 39; 26:64; Mark 8:38; 13:26; Luke 21:27; John 21:22; Acts 1:11; 1 Cor 15:23; 1 Thess 1:10; 4:16; 2 Thess 1:7, 10; 2:1, 8; James 5:7f; 2 Pet 1:16; 3:4, 12; 1 John 2:28; Rev 1:7Ps 62:12; Prov 24:12; Rom 2:6; 14:12; 1 Cor 3:13; 2 Cor 5:10; Eph 6:8; Col 3:25; Rev 2:23; 20:12; 22:12
28 “I assure you and most solemnly say to you, there are some of 1those standing here who will not taste death before they see the aSon of Man bcoming in His kingdom.”Undoubtedly a reference to Peter, John, and James, who were to witness the transfiguration a few days later.Matt 8:20Matt 10:23; 24:3, 27, 37, 39; 26:64; Mark 8:38; 13:26; Luke 21:27; John 21:22; Acts 1:11; 1 Cor 15:23; 1 Thess 1:10; 4:16; 2 Thess 1:7, 10; 2:1, 8; James 5:7f; 2 Pet 1:16; 3:4, 12; 1 John 2:28; Rev 1:7