After athis I looked, and behold, 1ba door standing open in heaven! And the first voice which I had heard, clike the sound of a war trumpet speaking with me, said, “dCome up here, and I will eshow you what must take place after these things.”This chapter begins the revelation to John of future events.Rev 1:12ff, 19Ezek 1:1; Rev 19:11Rev 1:10Rev 11:12Rev 1:19; 22:6 2 At once I was ain special communication with the Spirit; and behold, ba throne stood in heaven, with cOne seated on the throne. Ezek 1:26Rev 1:101 Kin 22:19; Is 6:1; Ezek 1:26; Dan 7:9; Rev 4:9fRev 4:9 3 And He who sat there appeared like the crystalline sparkle of 1a ajasper stone and the fiery redness of a bsardius stone, and encircling the throne there was a crainbow that looked like the color of an demerald. Ezek 1:28; Rev 21:11, 19In antiquity this name was given to various kinds and colors of precious stones, while the sardius was a reddish stone. The gems are indicative of royalty.Rev 21:11Rev 21:20Ezek 1:28; Rev 10:1Rev 21:19 4 aTwenty-four other thrones bsurrounded the throne; and cseated on these thrones were 1dtwenty-four elders dressed in ewhite clothing, with fcrowns of gold on their heads.The twenty-four elders may indicate the twelve tribes of Israel together with the twelve apostles, representing redeemed humanity. Others say the twenty-four may be an angelic order of worship akin to the Aaronic priests.Rev 4:6; 5:11; 7:11Rev 11:16Rev 4:10; 5:6, 8, 14; 19:4Matt 19:28; Rev 20:4Rev 3:18Rev 4:10
5 From the throne came aflashes of lightning and rumbling sounds and peals of thunder. bSeven lamps of fire were burning in front of the throne, which are 1cthe seven Spirits of God; Ex 19:16-20aSee note 1:4.Ex 19:16; Rev 8:5; 11:19; 16:18Ex 25:37; Zech 4:2Rev 1:4 6 and in front of the throne there was something like a asea or large expanse of glass, like the clearest crystal. In the center and baround the throne were cfour living 1creatures who were dfull of eyes in front and behind seeing everything and knowing everything that is around them. Ps 99:1; Is 6:2, 3; Ezek 1:5, 18Some scholars identify these creatures as cherubim glorifying God and guarding the throne of heaven; others suggest the creatures represent God’s attributes (especially His omniscience and omnipresence).Ezek 1:22; Rev 15:2; 21:18, 21Rev 4:4Ezek 1:5; Rev 4:8f; 5:6; 6:1, 6; 7:11; 14:3; 15:7; 19:4Ezek 1:18; 10:12 7 1aThe first living creature was like a lion, the second creature like a calf , the third creature had the face of a man, and the fourth creature was like a flying eagle. Ezek 1:10Jewish tradition suggests that during the exodus the four standards of the tribal triads depicted these images: the triad led by Judah, the lion; the triad led by Reuben, the man; the triad led by Ephraim, the ox; the triad led by Dan, the eagle.Ezek 1:10; 10:14 8 And the afour living creatures, each one of them having bsix wings, are cfull of eyes all over and within underneath their wings; and dday and night they never stop saying,“eHOLY, HOLY, HOLY is the fLORD GOD, THE ALMIGHTY the Omnipotent, the Ruler of all, gWHO WAS AND WHO IS AND WHO IS TO COME the unchanging, eternal God.” Is 6:1-3; Rev 1:4Ezek 1:5; Rev 4:6, 9; 5:6; 6:1, 6; 7:11; 14:3; 15:7; 19:4Is 6:2Ezek 1:18; 10:12Rev 14:11Is 6:3Rev 1:8Rev 1:4 9 Whenever the living creatures give glory and honor and thanksgiving to Him who asits on the throne, to bHim who lives forever and ever, Ps 47:8Ps 47:8; Is 6:1; Rev 4:2Deut 32:40; Dan 4:34; 12:7; Rev 10:6; 15:7 10 the atwenty-four elders bfall down before Him who csits on the throne, and they worship dHim who lives forever and ever; and they throw down their ecrowns before the throne, saying,Rev 4:4Rev 5:8, 14; 7:11; 11:16; 19:4Ps 47:8; Is 6:1; Rev 4:2Deut 32:40; Dan 4:34; 12:7Rev 4:4; 10:6; 15:7