Having said these things, aJesus left with His disciples and went across the 1bravine of the Kidron. There was ca garden there, which He and His disciples entered.Most of the time this was a dry stream bed (wadi), but the winter rains would turn it into a torrent of water. The ravine separated Jerusalem from the Mount of Olives. In the OT King David took this same route while escaping from Jerusalem to the Mount of Olives, after he was betrayed by Absalom and Ahithophel (2 Sam 15:23).Matt 26:30, 36; Mark 14:26, 32; Luke 22:392 Sam 15:23; 1 Kin 2:37; 15:13; 2 Kin 23:4, 6, 12; 2 Chr 15:16; 29:16; 30:14; Jer 31:40Matt 26:36; Mark 14:32; John 18:26 2 Now Judas, who was betraying Him, knew the place, because Jesus had aoften met there with His disciples.Luke 21:37; 22:39 3 So aJudas, having obtained bthe Roman 1cohort and some cofficers from the high priests and the Pharisees, came there with dlanterns and torches and weapons. Matt 26:47-56; Mark 14:43-50; Luke 22:47-53A “cohort” was a sub-unit of a Roman legion and normally was composed of about 600 troops, but could be fewer in number. The Jewish religious leaders probably made arrangements with Pilate for Judas to have temporary use of the troops.John 18:3-11: <IT>Matt 26:47-56; Mark 14:43-50; Luke 22:47-53</IT>John 18:12; Acts 10:1John 7:32; 18:12, 18Matt 25:1 4 Then Jesus, aknowing all that was about to happen to Him, went to them and asked, “bWhom do you want?”John 6:64; 13:1, 11John 18:7 5 They answered Him, “Jesus the Nazarene.” Jesus said, “I am He.” And Judas, who was betraying Him, was also standing with them. 6 When Jesus said, “I am He,” they drew back and fell to the ground. 7 Again He asked them, “aWhom do you want?” And they said, “Jesus the Nazarene.”John 18:4 8 Jesus answered, “I told you that I am He; so if you want Me, let these men go on their way.” 9 This was to fulfill and verify the words He had spoken, “aOf those whom You have given Me, I have not lost even one.” John 6:39; 17:12John 17:12 10 Then Simon Peter, who ahad a sword, drew it and struck the high priest’s servant, cutting off his right ear. The servant’s name was Malchus.Matt 26:51; Mark 14:47 11 So Jesus said to Peter, “Put the sword back in its sheath! Shall I not drink athe cup which My Father has given Me?”Matt 20:22; 26:39; Mark 14:36; Luke 22:42
12 aSo bthe cohort and their commander and the cofficers of the Jews arrested Jesus and bound Him,John 18:12f: <IT>Matt 26:57ff</IT>John 18:3 13 and led Him to 1aAnnas first; for he was the father-in-law of bCaiaphas, who was high priest that year.See note 11:49.Luke 3:2; John 18:24Matt 26:3; John 11:49, 51 14 It was Caiaphas who had advised the Jews that ait was expedient for one man to die on behalf of the people. John 11:49, 50John 11:50
15 aSimon Peter and 1another disciple were following Jesus. Now that disciple was known to the high priest, so he went with Jesus into bthe courtyard of the residence of the high priest;Most likely John, the author of this Gospel.Matt 26:58; Mark 14:54; Luke 22:54Matt 26:3; John 18:24, 28 16 abut Peter was standing outside at the door. So the other disciple , who was known to the high priest, went out and spoke to the doorkeeper, and brought Peter inside. Matt 26:69-75; Mark 14:66-72; Luke 22:55-62John 18:16-18: <IT>Matt 26:69f; Mark 14:66-68; Luke 22:55-57</IT> 17 aThen the servant girl who kept the door said to Peter, “bYou are not one of this Man’s disciples, are you?” He said, “I am not.”Acts 12:13John 18:25 18 Now the servants and the aofficers had made ba fire of coals, because it was cold, and they were standing and cwarming themselves. And Peter was with them, standing and warming himself.John 18:3John 21:9Mark 14:54, 67
19 aThen the high priest questioned Jesus about His disciples and about His teaching. Matt 26:59-68; Mark 14:55-65; Luke 22:63-71John 18:19-24: <IT>Matt 26:59-68; Mark 14:55-65; Luke 22:63-71</IT> 20 Jesus answered him, “I ahave spoken openly to the world. I always btaught in a synagogue and cin the temple area, where all the Jews habitually congregate; and I said nothing in secret.John 7:26; 8:26Matt 4:23; John 6:59Matt 26:55 21 Why question Me? Question those who have heard what I said to them. They know what I said.” 22 But when He said this, one of the aofficers who was standing nearby 1bstruck Jesus in the face, saying, “Is that how You answer the high priest?”It was illegal to strike the accused.John 18:3John 19:3 23 aJesus replied, “If I have said anything wrong, make a formal statement about the wrong; but if I spoke properly, why did you strike Me?”Matt 5:39; Acts 23:2-5 24 aSo Annas sent Him bound to bCaiaphas the high priest.John 18:13
25 aNow bSimon Peter was still standing and warming himself. So they said to him, “cYou are not one of His disciples, are you?” He denied it and said, “I am not.” Matt 26:71-75; Mark 14:69-72; Luke 22:58-62John 18:25-27: <IT>Matt 26:71-75; Mark 14:69-72; Luke 22:58-62</IT>John 18:18John 18:17 26 One of the high priest’s servants, a relative of the one awhose ear Peter cut off, said, “Did I not see you with Him in bthe garden?”John 18:10John 18:1 27 So Peter denied it again, and immediately aa rooster crowed.John 13:38
28 aThen the Jews led Jesus from bCaiaphas to cthe Praetorium . Now it was early and the Jews did not enter dthe Praetorium so that ethey would not be ceremonially unclean, but might be able to eat and participate in the Feast of Unleavened Bread which began after the 1Passover supper.Jesus’ arrest occurred after He and His disciples had eaten the Passover supper. Passover/Feast of Unleavened Bread lasted seven days.Matt 27:2; Mark 15:1; Luke 23:1John 18:13Matt 27:27; John 18:33; 19:9John 11:55; Acts 11:3 29 aSo Pilate came out to them and asked, “What accusation do you bring against this Man?” Matt 27:11-14; Mark 15:2-5; Luke 23:2, 3John 18:29-38: <IT>Matt 27:11-14; Mark 15:2-5; Luke 23:2, 3</IT> 30 They answered, “If He were not a criminal, we would not have handed Him over to you for judgment.” 31 Then Pilate said to them, “Take Him yourselves and judge Him according to your own law.” The Jews said, “We are not permitted to put anyone to death.” 32 This was to fulfill athe word which Jesus had spoken to indicate by what manner of death He was going to die. John 12:32-34Matt 20:19; 26:2; Mark 10:33f; Luke 18:32f; John 3:14; 8:28; 12:32f
33 So Pilate awent into the Praetorium again, and called Jesus and asked Him, “bAre You the King of the Jews?”John 18:28, 29; 19:9Luke 23:3; John 19:12 34 Jesus replied, “Are you saying this on your own initiative, or did others tell you about Me?” 35 Pilate answered, “I am not a Jew, am I? Your own people and their chief priests have handed You over to me. What have You done that is worthy of death?” 36 Jesus replied, “aMy kingdom is not of this world nor does it have its origin in this world. If My kingdom were of this world, My servants would be fighting hard to keep Me from being handed over to the Jews; but as it is, My kingdom is not of this world.”Matt 26:53; Luke 17:21; John 6:15 37 So Pilate said to Him, “Then You are a King?” Jesus answered, “aYou say correctly that I am a King. This is why I was born, and for this I have come into the world, bto testify to the truth. cEveryone who is of the truth who is a friend of the truth and belongs to the truth hears and listens carefully to My voice.” Dan 7:13, 14; Luke 1:32, 33Matt 27:11; Mark 15:2; Luke 22:70; 23:3John 1:14; 3:32; 8:14John 8:47; 1 John 4:6 38 Pilate said to Him scornfully, “What is truth?”John 18:33; 19:4Luke 23:4; John 19:4, 6
And when he had said this, he awent out to the Jews again and told them, “bI find no guilt in Him no crime, no cause for an accusation. 39 aBut you have a custom that I release someone for you at the Passover. So shall I release for you the King of the Jews?” Matt 27:15-26; Mark 15:6-15; Luke 23:18-25John 18:39-19:16: <IT>Matt 27:15-26; Mark 15:6-15; Luke 23:18-25</IT> 40 Then they all shouted back again, “aNot this Man, but Barabbas!” Now Barabbas was a 1robber.Or insurrectionist.Acts 3:14