Now the man 1Adam knew Eve as his wife, and she conceived and gave birth to Cain, and she said, “I have obtained a man with the help of the LORD.”The name Adam is the Hebrew word for “man,” so when the word is used with the article (“the”) as it is here, it can be inferred that the writer (Moses) is referring to Adam as “the man.” 2 And later she gave birth to his brother Abel. Now aAbel bkept the flocks of sheep and goats, but Cain cultivated the ground.Luke 11:50, 51Gen 46:32; 47:3 3 And in the course of time Cain brought to the LORD an offering of the fruit of the ground. 4 But aAbel brought an offering of the finest firstborn of his flock and the 1fat portions. And bthe LORD had respect for Abel and for his offering; Heb 11:4That is, the fat that covered the entrails of the animals. Later, in the Mosaic Law, the Israelites were forbidden to eat this fat (Lev 7:23), which was reserved as an offering to God, especially for sin (Lev 4:8, 26, 35; 9:10; 16:25).Heb 11:41 Sam 15:22 5 but afor Cain and his offering He had no respect. So bCain became extremely angry , and 1he looked annoyed and hostile.Lit his countenance fell.1 Sam 16:7Is 3:9; Jude 11 6 And the LORD said to Cain, “aWhy are you so angry? And why do you look annoyed?Jon 4:4 7 aIf you do well believing Me and doing what is acceptable and pleasing to Me, will you not be accepted? bAnd if you do not do well but ignore My instruction, sin crouches at your door; its desire is for you to overpower you, cbut you must master it.”Jer 3:12; Mic 7:18Num 32:23Job 11:14, 15; Rom 6:12, 16 8 Cain talked with Abel his brother about what God had said. And when they were alone, working in the field, Cain 1attacked Abel his brother and akilled him. 1+@John 3:12Lit rose up against.Matt 23:35; Luke 11:51; 1 John 3:12-15; Jude 11
9 Then the LORD said to Cain, “aWhere is Abel your brother?” And he lied and said, “I do not know. Am I my brother’s keeper?”Gen 3:9 10 The LORD said, “What have you done? aThe voice of your brother’s innocent blood is crying out to Me from the ground for justice. Num 35:33; Deut 21:1-9Num 35:33; Deut 21:1-9; Heb 12:24; Rev 6:9, 10 11 And now ayou are cursed from the ground, which has opened its mouth to receive your brother’s shed blood from your hand. Deut 28:15-20Gen 3:14; Deut 28:15-20; Gal 3:10 12 aWhen you cultivate the ground, it shall no longer yield its strength it will resist producing good crops for you; byou shall be a fugitive and a vagabond roaming aimlessly on the earth in perpetual exile without a home, a degraded outcast.”Deut 28:15-24; Joel 1:10-20Lev 26:17, 36 13 Cain said to the LORD, “My punishment is greater than I can bear. 14 Behold, You have adriven me out this day from the face of the land; and from Your face I will be hidden, and bI will be a fugitive and an aimless vagabond on the earth, and cwhoever finds me will kill me.”Gen 3:24; Jer 52:3Deut 28:64-67Num 35:19 15 And the LORD said to him, “1Therefore, whoever kills Cain, a asevenfold vengeance that is, punishment seven times worse shall be taken on him by Me.” And the LORD bset a protective 2mark on Cain, so that no one who found him would kill him. Gen 4:24Some ancient versions read, “Not so!”Many commentators believe this sign not to have been like a brand on the forehead, but something awesome about Cain’s appearance that made people dread and avoid him. In the Talmud, the rabbis suggested several possibilities, including leprosy, boils, or a horn that grew out of Cain. But it was also suggested that Cain was given a pet dog to serve as a protective sign.Gen 4:24Ezek 9:4, 6
16 So Cain went away from the manifested presence aof the LORD, and lived in the land of Nod wandering in exile, east of Eden.2 Kin 24:20; Jer 23:39; 52:3
17 Cain knew his 1wife one of Adam’s descendants and she conceived and gave birth to Enoch; and Cain built a city and named it Enoch, after the name of his son.The simplest explanation for the origin of Cain’s wife is that she was one of his sisters, whom Scripture does not mention specifically, but implies (5:4). It is also possible that she was a niece or more distant relative descended from the original family, but in any case it is evident that the unrecorded children of Adam and Eve married each other. This was possible because the human gene pool was at its purest with Adam and Eve, so at some point their children could begin families of their own. 18 Now to Enoch was born Irad, and Irad became the father of Mehujael, and Mehujael became the father of Methushael, and Methushael became the father of Lamech. 19 And Lamech took for himself atwo wives; the name of the one was Adah, and the name of the other, Zillah.Gen 2:24 20 Adah gave birth to Jabal; he became the father of those nomadic herdsmen who live in tents and have cattle and raise livestock. 21 His brother’s name was Jubal; he became the father of all those musicians who play the lyre and flute. 22 Zillah gave birth to Tubal-cain, the smith and teacher of every artisan in instruments of bronze and iron. The sister of Tubal-cain was Naamah.
23 Lamech said to his wives,“Adah and Zillah,Hear my voice;You wives of Lamech,Listen to what I say;aFor I have killed a man merely for wounding me,And a boy only for striking me.Ex 20:13; Lev 19:18; Deut 32:35; Ps 94:1
25 aAdam knew Eve as his wife again; and she gave birth to a son, and named him Seth, for she said, “God has granted another child for me in place of Abel, bbecause Cain killed him.”Gen 5:3Gen 4:8 26 To Seth, also, aa son was born, whom he named Enosh . At that same time men began bto call on the name of the LORD in worship through prayer, praise, and thanksgiving. Joel 2:32; Luke 3:38; Acts 2:21Luke 3:38Gen 12:8; 26:25; 1 Kin 18:24; Ps 116:17; Joel 2:32; Zeph 3:9; 1 Cor 1:2